Abstract
In environmental management, developing a scientific and methodological approach to the design and optimization of technological systems remains a pressing issue. The proposed approach is based on the integration of ontological design and agent-based simulation modeling, where this integration provides a link between abstract description and computational experimentation. The objects of study were the technological processes of reconstructing a pressure pipeline in a closed irrigation network. It is here, with the obvious lack of statistical data, that simulation modeling becomes a key research tool. It allows for the exploration of possible production scenarios and optimization without large-scale field experiments. However, there is a risk of discrepancies between model results and actual indicators. The reason for this discrepancy lies in the difficulty of fully accounting for organizational and technological factors, each of which can introduce nonlinear distortions into the final estimates. An agent-based approach helps overcome this limitation: it enables detailed analysis of the behavior of individual components and the nature of their interactions, as well as flexible adaptation to changing conditions. Key stages in constructing such a model include an ontological description of possible complex structures and the definition of functional relationships between active elements and local processes, all while taking into account the equipment's operating conditions. As part of the study, a corresponding toolkit was developed that could be used to solve problems of varying complexity and scale. A comprehensive methodological approach is proposed that allows for the consistent integration of the stages of ontological description of a subject area, formalization of functional-technological relationships, and agent-based modeling for designing technological systems in environmental management. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was tested on a real process of reconstruction of a closed irrigation system, and a Pareto-optimal search region for rational structures of technological systems was proposed.