Abstract
The relevance of this research topic is related to the problem of reducing the negative impact of technological processes on the environment during crop cultivation in various soil, topography, and climatic conditions. The objective of the research is to evaluate technological processes in crop production based on their negative environmental impact. Technological processes determine soil fertility, emissions of climate-active substances, and the removal of nutrients from agricultural lands. To develop promising environmentally friendly technologies, it is important to classify and evaluate processes according to their negative environmental impact. The proposed gradation allows for the structuring of all processes based on their impact on the agroecosystem, and the resulting assessment will enable the future development of technical and technological solutions that ensure the environmental sustainability of crop production operations. As a result of the conducted research, a list of significant indicators for assessing the negative impact of technological processes on the environment (plowing, application of mineral and organic fertilizers, plant protection) was substantiated, and there was proposed a mathematical model that allowed calculating the values of the integral criterion for grading technological processes according to the degree of their impact on the agroecosystem using expert and calculation-empirical methods.