Abstract
INTRODUCTION.
The relevance of this study is driven by the growing interest in polypore fungi as an accessible and renewable source of biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activity, particularly phenolic and triterpene compounds. Despite the widespread occurrence of fomitoid polypores, their raw materials remain largely unstandardized and are not represented in the pharmacopoeias of most countries, which limits their introduction into medical practice. The lack of unified approaches to quality assessment and the selection of analytical markers, combined with the high variability of their chemical composition, complicates the standardization of the raw material. Therefore, substantiating quality criteria and standardization methods for raw materials derived from fomitoid polypores is an important task.
AIM.
To substantiate quality criteria for raw materials of fomitoid polypores that can be used for the development of regulatory documentation on the quality of fungal raw materials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS.
At least 20 batches of fruiting bodies of
Fomes fomentarius
(L.) Fr.,
Fomitopsis pinicola
(Sw.) P. Karst.,
Ganoderma applanatum
(Pers.) Pat.,
Piptoporus betulinus
(Bull.) P. Karst.,
Phellinus igniarius
(L.) Quél., collected in various regions of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, were studied. The following parameters were determined using spectrophotometric and gravimetric methods: loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, total extractives, total phenolic compounds, and total steroid and triterpene compounds.
RESULTS.
Inter- and intraspecific variability of quality indicators was demonstrated. It was established that, depending on the species, the specification limits for total phenolic compounds range from 0.10% to 0.25%, for total steroid and triterpene compounds from 0.05% to 0.30%, and for extractives from 0.5% to 14.0%. The values of total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and loss on drying fall within the ranges of 1.0–5.0%, 1.0–3.0%, and 10.0–12.0%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS.
Quality indicators for raw materials of fomitoid polypores have been developed and may be used for the preparation of regulatory documentation on the quality of raw materials of fungal origin.