Abstract
Extended Reality (XR) remote collaboration systems are crucial in advancing operational efficiency, adaptive capacity, and user satisfaction across industrial tasks within Industry 5.0. By using the unique capabilities of XR, remote collaborative systems enhance human adaptability and drive value-driven manufacturing processes, particularly in applications such as remote maintenance, training, and assembly. This review synthesizes insights from 69 peer-reviewed studies on XR remote collaboration that utilize visual annotation cues in industrial settings. It systematically analyzes display modalities, interaction methodologies, and shared visual cues, complemented by case studies of real-world implementations. The review critically evaluates existing literature, proposes improvements to current approaches, and explores alternative strategies. Importantly, this review offers a nuanced examination of the complexities surrounding XR-mediated collaborations, reinforcing the ongoing necessity and practical pathways for advancing industrial XR remote collaboration that integrate visual annotation cues.