Abstract
Tin halide perovskites are promising lead-free alternatives due to their suitable bandgap, low toxicity, and structural analogy to lead counterparts. Compared to polycrystalline films, tin-based perovskite single crystals offer superior characteristics: absence of grain boundaries, lower defect density, longer carrier lifetime, enhanced stability, and wide spectral absorption. This review systematically summarizes growth methods (cooling crystallization, inverse temperature crystallization, solvent evaporation, Bridgman method), performance optimization strategies, and structure-property relationships. It critically analyzes each method’s advantages/limitations and explores approaches for controllable synthesis of high-quality crystals via growth condition optimization. Despite their high potential in optoelectronics and environmental compatibility, significant growth challenges persist: high susceptibility of Sn2+ to oxidation and difficulties in precise crystal size/quality control. Future research should prioritize developing effective antioxidant strategies, further optimizing growth conditions, and exploring novel synthetic methodologies to advance optoelectronic device applications.