Abstract
In the context of the Life 3.0 paradigm, where digitalization is accelerating, determining the most appropriate innovative working model for different sectors has become a strategic imperative. However, the literature lacks integrated multi-criteria approaches for evaluating the effectiveness of alternative working models, such as freelance, hybrid, remote, and metaverse-based models, within a sectoral context. This study aims to determine the most appropriate working model based on the structural, digital, and operational characteristics of different sectors and to identify the criteria that should be prioritized in this decision-making process. The Information and Technology, Education and Consulting, Marketing and E-Commerce, and Finance and Insurance sectors are analyzed. First, 17 criteria affecting the selection of working models are identified. Publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database are scanned using a Robotic Process Automation (RPA) approach, and the eight most frequent and relevant criteria are selected using text mining techniques. Data obtained from interviews with five experts are then weighted according to the experts' demographic characteristics using a dimensionality reduction method. The criteria weights are determined using the SITDE method, while the alternatives are ranked using the RATGOS algorithm. In addition, a novel fuzzy set system, Behavioral Leadership Fuzzy Sets (BLFSs), is developed and integrated into the model to analyze the impact of decision-maker behaviors on managerial reflexes. The proposed framework integrates artificial intelligence and multi-criteria decision-making techniques, reduces subjectivity through data-driven criteria selection and expert weighting, and incorporates behavioral leadership characteristics into the decision process. The findings indicate that the hybrid model is the most appropriate working model across all four sectors. However, sectoral priorities differ: career and development opportunities are the most important criterion in the IT sector, whereas market access and ethical responsibilities are prioritized in the finance sector.