Abstract
This paper explores the philosophical basis of Raskolnikov’s actions in Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment through the lens of nihilism, metaphysical rebellion, absurdity and philosophical bias. The study employs qualitative textual analysis and close reading of Raskolnikov’s actions, thoughts, and philosophical arguments in the novel, drawing on Friedrich Nietzsche’s Beyond Good and Evil and Albert Camus’s The Myth of Sisyphus and The Rebel as the primary philosophical frameworks for examining nihilism, absurdity, and metaphysical rebellion. It argues that the crime he committed has more of a flawed philosophical outlook than failed moral ground. He rejects traditional moral values and creates his own system, grounded on nihilism, to pass judgement. However, this belief has personal bias and desire, which he mistakes for objective truth. This highlights how philosophical ideas can reflect individual desires rather than universal truth.
The paper also examines how absurdity plays a role in showing Raskolnikov’s isolation from a deeper perspective. Instead of accepting the uncertainty of life, he attempts to get the absolute justice and takes the shelter in violence, which results in physical and spiritual turmoil. His journey of rebellion, which is meant to fight the injustice in the society, eventually turns to desire for control, showcasing how rebellion without limits leads to destruction. In conclusion, Raskolnikov’s failure lies in his misinterpretation of his personal philosophy as universal truth with disregard to moral and ethical grounds under the influence of nihilistic approach.