Abstract
The research is devoted to the design and analysis of hydraulic systems for automated agricultural machinery to increase their productivity, energy efficiency, and reliability. Tractors, sprayers, and seed drills were used for testing, which worked in real field conditions in different regions of Ukraine, considering various soil types and climatic factors. The main research methods were field experiments, sensor data analysis, and modelling of hydraulic system parameters in the ANSYS software environment. In the course of tests conducted on modern models of tractors, sprayers, and seeders, it was determined that automated controllers and pumps of variable volume provide a significant reduction in energy losses and fuel consumption. For tractors, the reduction in fuel consumption reached 25-27%, for sprayers and seeders – 24-26%. CO2 emissions decreased by an average of 15%, which was in line with the sustainable development goals. Optimisation of the design of hydraulic lines using composite materials has reduced energy losses by 15%, compared to conventional steel lines. This is made possible by reduced friction and better wear resistance. The use of synthetic working fluids ensured flow stability at high temperatures, reducing the risk of system blockage and sedimentation. In general, the implemented technologies increased the stability of hydraulic systems by 88% and reduced the frequency of failures by 40%. The results obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the implemented solutions in improving productivity, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. Innovative approaches, including automated control systems, have contributed to improving the quality of agricultural operations and ensure a long service life of components. The results obtained can be used in the design of modern agricultural machinery, the introduction of automated control systems in the production processes of the agricultural sector, and in the modernisation of the existing fleet of equipment to increase its productivity, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness