Abstract
The study aimed to assess how rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns and increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and frosts affect forest ecosystems, and to identify possible consequences for their biodiversity and stability. This study encompassed a review of scientific literature, a comparative analysis of several climate change scenarios, and an evaluation of data about tree physiological processes, including photosynthesis, root development, and tree growth. The primary conclusions of the study indicated that climate change could exacerbate stressors for certain tree species, perhaps resulting in the substitution of these species with those that are more resilient or less dependent on specific climatic conditions. The results are important for predicting further changes in forest ecosystems and developing recommendations for their conservation. One of the key conclusions was the need to adapt forestry to new climate conditions, including the selection of climate-resistant tree species and the use of strategies to restore degraded forests. It is also relevant to improve the effectiveness of monitoring the state of forest ecosystems to respond to changes promptly and prevent the degradation of forest resources. Predicting possible climate change and analysing local conditions allowed for more effective planning of measures to conserve biodiversity and forest ecosystem services. Taking into account the data obtained, it is possible to create recommendations for sustainable forest management, which will help preserve their ecological and economic value in the face of climate change