Abstract
This study considers the interaction of soil particles with a screw tillage body, the working surface of which is made in the form of a deployed helicoid and substantially differs from the screw. Furthermore, the unfolded surface is characterised by manufacturability of the working body, since it is possible to calculate the geometric dimensions of a flat workpiece, which is formed into a finished product by simple bending with minimal plastic deformations. The purpose of this paper was to conduct theoretical and experimental studies of the movement of soil particles along the helical surface of the tillage working body, which is made in the form of a deployed helicoid. Mathematical modelling of the processes of movement of soil particles along the helical surface of a tillage working body was described based on general laws and principles of analytical and differential mathematics, theoretical and analytical mechanics. Experimental studies were carried out using a methodology with elements of mathematical statistics, mathematical methods of optimal planning of a multifactor experiment. The analysis of the results of experimental and theoretical studies was performed using applied computer programmes and systems. Experimental studies were conducted according to standard and independently developed methods. Results: a mathematical model of the movement of soil particles along the helical surface of the tillage body was developed, and it was established that when the angle of attack of the helical tillage working body increases, the lifting value of soil particles increases and the area of their dispersion by the helical surface increases. The value of the coefficient of friction does not substantially affect the shape of the trajectory of the soil particle. The quality of loosening the soil most depends on the angle of attack of the screw surface and the angular speed of rotation of the working body. The materials of this paper can be used by scientists for further research and practices in the selection of tillage units.