Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of dynamic loads on the deformation characteristics of spring elements of tillage tools, addressing the optimisation of their design and increase of durability. The influence of dynamic loads on spring elements was analysed, addressing their material characteristics and design features. The study determined that the spring elements of tillage tools undergo significant deformations under the influence of dynamic loads arising from the unevenness of the soil, oscillations and impact forces. The analysis demonstrated that springs with higher stiffness show a lower tendency to plastic deformation but can cause higher peak loads on the gun structure. The study determined that materials with increased elasticity and high fatigue strength provide better recovery from deformation, which reduces the risk of breakage during operation. The results of the finite element modelling showed that the resonant frequencies of the spring elements can negatively affect their efficiency, causing additional vibrations and wear. The study determined that optimisation of the spring geometry can significantly reduce the amplitude of these vibrations. The study also determined that using springs with a combined design that combines different materials, and geometric shapes can significantly improve damping and reduce the impact of dynamic loads on the gun structure. In addition, the study demonstrated that properly selected spring parameters, such as their stiffness and recovery rate, allow for optimising the operation of tillage tools, increasing the efficiency of their use in various agricultural conditions