Abstract
The study was conducted to increase the stability of rotary tillage units by optimising their structural parameters considering variable loads. It was revealed that the stability of rotary tillage units under the influence of variable loads depends on such design parameters as the geometry and material of working bodies, the introduction of vibration-proof elements. It was determined that the optimal angle of attack (from 20 to 30 degrees) of the working bodies reduces the resistance of the ground, which, in turn, contributes to an even distribution of loads on the working elements of the unit. Changing the radius of curvature of the working elements reduces the stress concentration, which increases the durability of the working elements and reduces their wear during operation. Analysis of the mechanical properties of materials has shown that the use of special alloy steels containing chromium and manganese increases the wear resistance of the working bodies of units, reduces the frequency of maintenance, and extends the service life. The introduction of rubber shock absorbers in the design of attachment points helped to reduce the amplitude of vibrations and thus improve the stability of the unit during tillage. Analysis of the operation of the upgraded units showed an increase in productivity and a reduction in fuel consumption. Improving the quality of tillage was achieved by evenly distributing the depth of cultivation and reducing the level of soil compaction, which has a positive effect on the growing conditions of agricultural crops. Therefore, optimisation of the design parameters of rotary tillage units will increase their resistance to variable loads, reduce operating costs, increase operational efficiency, and ensure long-term and energy-efficient operation in complex geological processes