Abstract
The study is devoted to the analysis and optimisation of the design of the sedimentation tank to increase the efficiency of settling solid particles in hydropower and irrigation systems. Both experimental and numerical methods were used to analyse and optimise the design of sedimentation tanks to increase their efficiency in hydropower and irrigation systems. The study examined and analysed various types of sedimentation tanks according to design schemes, flow regime, deposition dynamics and sediment flushing methods, and also considered recommended improvements for hydropower and irrigation of various types of sedimentation tanks. During the study, it was revealed that optimising the geometry of the sedimentation tank significantly increases the efficiency of solid particle deposition. Experimental data have shown that changing the angle of inclination of the walls and increasing the area of the bottom of the sedimentation tank contribute to improving the deposition of silt and sand. It has also been found that the use of special turbulent inserts reduces the particle deposition time and improves the quality of treated water. Hydraulic flow modelling has confirmed that a more uniform velocity distribution in the sedimentation tank reduces turbulence and promotes more efficient particle deposition. The introduction of automated systems for monitoring and controlling the cleaning process has made it possible to increase the reliability and stability of the sedimentation tank. As a result, it was proved that the proposed design and technological changes can significantly increase the efficiency and durability of sedimentation tanks in hydropower and irrigation. The study provides practical recommendations for improving the design of sedimentation tanks, which helps to increase their efficiency and reliability in hydropower and irrigation, thereby improving water management