Abstract
The article examines the hostile attitude of the Bolshevik Party towards its political opponents, shows the actions of the party's top leadership of the RCP (b), party and Soviet bodies and special services to eliminate the opposition national-communist and socialist parties, and the establishment of the soviet one-party system in Ukraine in the early 1920s. In the article, the author traces the stages of the elimination of opposition parties by the Bolsheviks in Ukraine in the early 1920's. Initially, the Bolsheviks were forced to establish their power, relying for the the parties union, as a purely Ukrainian and so a all-Russian. After consolidating in the country, the Bolshevik Party decided to eliminate the Borotbists and bobbyists and their independent political activity, which was aimed at building Ukraine according to theirs own views. Applying ideological methods of influence on Borotbists and bobbyists, the Bolsheviks led these parties to self-destruction, leaning of the leaders of these parties. The left side of these parties has joined the ranks of the Bolsheviks.The second stage was more connected with the gradual cessation of the activities of All-Russian Socialist-Revolutionary and Menshevik parties in Ukraine. With the introduction of the NEP increased pressure for these parties. It was in 1921 that the Bolsheviks started a course the sole political existence. The SRs and the Mensheviks made a number of attempts to restore their former influence on the population, but all their attempts were neutralized by the Bolsheviks. The last UPP ceased to exist in 1925 in Ukraine and one-party regime was established . The status of the ruling party with all the institutions of power gave advantages to the Bolsheviks in relation to other parties. Using political, ideological, moral pressure, repression and terror, the Bolsheviks successfully completed the task of eliminating their political opponents. Multipartyism could not be from an ideological point of view.