Abstract
The article analyzes modern regional changes in engineering and geological conditions of Ukraine due to the complex impact of technogenesis and global climate changes. This is primarily due to the predominance of loess and loamy loess rocks in the upper part of the geological section (up to 65 % of the state) in the formation of technogenic-geological systems “technogenic object-geological environment”. Regional regulation of surface runoff (a cascade of reservoirs of the Dnieper River, up to 38000 pounds, network of channels) significantly disrupted the water-energy exchange of rocks within the upper zone of the geological environment, intensified regional changes of geomechanical parameters (compressive strength, adhesion, angle of a slope) to the factors of global climate change (increasing magnitude and uneven rainfall, warming etc.).
The authors evaluated the new processes of changes in engineering-geological parameters of loesses and loamy loess’ rocks due to the disturbances of their mass-energy (water-heat) transfer, the influence of seismic stresses, complex transformations of the geological environment of industrial-urban agglomerations. The performed analysis showed that changes in engineering-geological conditions are most actively developingwithin the sites of industrial-urban agglomerations, which is caused by the complex action of water and heat losses from engineering networks, changes in relief, geodynamic impacts of transport and construction works. Maximum changes of engineering-geological conditions within towns and settlements are observed in the developed (“old”) mining areas during the flooding of mines, subsidence of surface.
It is shown that a new model of the State Engineering-Geological Map of Ukraine is needed, scientific substantiation of the maximum permissible changes of the engineering-geological parameters of the geological environment for different technogenic-geological systems “technogenic object-geological environment”.