Abstract
The article deals with the issue of rational use of underground water, which enters mines (quarries) during mineral extraction and is discharged into the hydrographic network almost with no treatment, leading to its pollution. The general indicators of intake and use of fresh water and mine and quarry water in Ukraine for 2019–2023 are analyzed, and the influence of the mining industry on water resources and the necessity for rational use of mine and quarry water are shown. Methods of handling mine/quarry water used in the world are considered. To ensure the extraction, accumulation and preparation of mine and quarry water, their quantity and quality indicators are determined. It is noted that water inflows are mostly influenced by the geological and tectonic structure of the deposit: the largest water inflows are formed in the center of the syncline, where there is the greatest disturbance by deep faults. These areas are also characterized by the highest mineralization of mine water.The authors use the methods of mathematical statistics: correlation-regression and dispersion analyses, which were used to analyze data from 5 mines and 4 quarries in the city of Kryvyi Rih over a five-year period. The correlation between water inflows and volumes of rock mass extraction was determined, which is a second degree polynomial with a correlation coefficient of 0.94.The analysis of the chemical composition of mine/quarry water sampled during the research from different horizons with water seepage at various mining enterprises of Kryvyi Rih, was carried out, which shows their different mineralization. This fact made it possible to substantiate the schemes of separate water extraction and accumulation. The decision regarding extraction, accumulation and further use of mine and quarry water during the mining of minerals is substantiated to solve the urgent problem of fresh water shortage and to prevent negative environmental impact.