Study on spatial accessibility and supply-demand fit of public older adult care facilities in Guangzhou

Against the backdrop of deepening aging population phenomenon, the coordination between the allocation of older adult care services and the needs of the older adult population has become a critical issue for optimizing urban public services. Taking the 11 administrative districts in Guangzhou as the research subjects, this study employs the nearest neighbor index, kernel density analysis, standard deviation ellipse, network accessibility analysis, and supply–demand matching models to explore the spatial distribution, accessibility, and supply–demand matching characteristics of public older adult care service facilities. The results indicate that both the demand and supply of older adult care services in Guangzhou exhibit significant spatial clustering, with the central urban area forming a core cluster of service demand and resource allocation. While the overall accessibility of public older adult care facilities is relatively high, it follows a spatial pattern of higher concentration in the center and lower in the periphery. The study suggests that the allocation of older adult care service resources in Guangzhou is generally reasonable, but regional disparities persist. Future efforts should further optimize facility layouts to enhance the balance and accessibility of older adult care service resource allocations.