Abstract
In this study, titanium surfaces used as dental implant materials were modified under different sandblasting pressures (2, 4, and 6 bar) and sandblasting angles (30°, 60°, and 90°). Al2O3 particles with a size of 100 µm were preferred as abrasives to create micro-scale roughness. The morphological changes of the modified surfaces were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the phase structures were determined by the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The topographic properties of the surfaces were analyzed with a profilometer device to determine the average surface roughness (Ra )values, and the effects of these changes on surface energy were investigated by contact angle measurements. The findings revealed that sandblasting parameters play a decisive role in the surface structure; specifically, increasing pressure and a more perpendicular angle significantly enhanced the roughness, thereby strengthening the hydrophilic character of the titanium surface.