The Role of Growth, Education, and Health Expenditure in Shaping Gender Equality Outcomes

This research explores how gender inequality serves as an essential factor in social inclusion within the larger context of sustainable economic growth. The study uses Gender Inequality Index (GII) as the dependent variable and independent variables such as GDP, trade liberalization, governmental effectiveness, Income inequality and public spending on health and education. To evaluate these connections, the research utilizes various econometric models—Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS), Fixed Effects, Random Effects, and the Hausman test. The empirical results show that in developing nations, greater gender inequality correlates with poorer economic outcomes. Conversely, developed countries with robust governance and increased social investments show reduced GII levels. These findings highlight the essential importance of strong institutions and social inclusion in fostering sustainable long-term growth.