Thermal Tourism and Healthy Aging in Low-Density Territories

This chapter analyzes the role of thermal tourism as an integrated strategy for promoting healthy aging and sustainable development in low-density territories marked by demographic aging, depopulation, and economic fragility. Based on an empirical study conducted at the Chaves Thermal Spa, involving 90 participants, mostly aged 65 or older, the impact of a 14-day cycle of thermal treatments on quality of life (SF-36v2) and sleep quality (PSQI) was evaluated. The results show statistically significant improvements, mainly in the dimensions of pain, physical function, physical performance, and sleep. The chapter argues that thermalism, in addition to its clinical benefits, acts as an economic and social anchor, reinforcing territorial cohesion, boosting local economies, and positioning itself as a strategic resource in the Silver Economy and in public health and regional development policies.