A Theoretical Survey on Patch Antenna for Wideband Communication

Modern communication system is based on wideband communication. A wideband antenna is designed in such a way that it will receive a wide range of frequencies. Microwave frequency spectrum is classified as ranging from 1GHz to 100GHz and this range is divided into a number of frequency bands. These bands are defined as L Band, S Band, C Band, X Band etc. To fulfil the demands of many users patch antenna is designed in these bands. Among different types of antenna, Microstrip Patch Antenna is most popular in wireless communication system. Microstrip patch Antennas have many advantages over other familiar antennas because microstrip patch antennas are of low profile, low cost, low volume, light weight. Low efficiency, low gain and narrow bandwidth of patch antenna create major challenge to a designer. Slots are created on patch for preparing antenna forwideband applications. In this paper, we have surveyed upon various types of Microstrip Patch Antenna, feeding techniques, design equation Substrate Characteristics, Simulation tools etc.