Abstract
In the modern world, where information and technology are developing rapidly, the educational system faces new challenges and opportunities. Education is no longer a static process. It is constantly adapting to the demands of the times and the needs of society.
Competition, globalization, and informatization have not only affected traditional spheres of human activity but also the labor market- the demand structure formation.
To meet the challenges of the 21st century, in the process of mastering management, the following learning and teaching methods and techniques are used to develop critical thinking skills:
• The interactive strategy "I know - I want to know - what I learned" by Chicago professor Donna Ogle.
• Brainstorming- a teaching method where students are given time to share their opinions and ideas about a specific issue or question created on the spot.
• Asking thin (simple) and thick(complex) questions. Simple questions require providing unified answers, while complex questions demand a higher level of thinking, e.g., analysis and synthesis.
• INSERT, a teaching method that involves marking the text specifically while reading.
• Demonstration method for visually presenting information.
• Case (case analysis, situational task)- the best method of learning through experience, which enables the application of theoretical knowledge in practice.
Therefore, we should employ active teaching strategies and methods that optimise the integration of practical tasks and cases into the learning process to foster critical thinking. By using active teaching methods, the center of gravity shifts from the teacher to the student, and the role of the learner increases: the lecturer takes on the role of a "facilitator,” which encourages the student to take on more personal responsibility for learning and becomes an active learner.
Ultimately, critical thinking is more than an academic skill. It is a fundamental skill transforming every aspect of a student's life. In a world where artificial intelligence is already performing routine tasks, critical thinking remains a unique human advantage.