Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of four post-space drying methods using standardized three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin tooth specimens, with emphasis on clinical implications for adhesive post retention.Methods
Maxillary central incisor models with post spaces of three diameters (1.4, 1.7, 2.0 mm) and three lengths (6.0, 9.0, 12.0 mm) were digitally designed and 3D-printed. A total of 81 specimens (n = 9 per post-space condition) were evaluated. Four drying methods were tested: air-syringe (AS), post-air-blow (PAB), paper-point (PP), and root-canal suction (RCS). Remaining moisture amount and content were quantified gravimetrically and analyzed using two-way and oneway analysis of variance with Tukey honestly significant difference (α = 0.05).Results
Drying performance depended on both geometry and technique. AS consistently left greater remaining moisture, whereas PP and RCS showed stable, efficient drying. PAB was generally effective but technique-sensitive in long, narrow geometries.Conclusions
Standardized 3D-printed models enabled reproducible evaluation of post-space drying and revealed clinically relevant limitations of commonly used methods. Selecting drying protocols tailored to post-space geometry may reduce residual moisture prior to adhesive cementing.