Managing Obstetric Emergencies in a Resource-Constrained Economy: The Roles of Midwives in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Obstetric emergencies remain a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in northern Nigeria. This study examined the roles of midwives in managing obstetric emergencies in selected public health facilities in Bauchi State, Nigeria. A mixed-method descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 180 registered midwives. Quantitative data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. Findings revealed that 82.2% of respondents had managed postpartum hemorrhage in the preceding six months, 68.9% reported frequent shortages of essential drugs, and 74.4% indicated inadequate staffing during emergencies. Approximately 71.1% demonstrated adequate knowledge of emergency obstetric protocols, while 63.3% reported delayed referrals due to transportation and infrastructure challenges. Despite systemic constraints, 79.4% reported initiating life-saving stabilization measures prior to referral. The findings highlight midwives’ pivotal role in emergency response and underscore the need for strengthened health system support, continuous training, and improved resource allocation to enhance maternal outcomes.