Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Management of Acute Calculus Cholecystitis: Review Article

Acute calculus cholecystitis is a common surgical emergency that has traditionally been treated with conservative treatment followed by delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The Tokyo Guidelines of 2013/2018 and the World Society of Emergency Surgeons (WSES) 2020 guidelines on acute calculus cholecystitis have recommended early laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed within 7 days from the onset of symptoms and is associated with better outcomes, shorter stay in the hospital, and reduced cost. In this review, we will investigate the role of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy in the management of acute calculus cholecystitis.