Abstract
Background: Over 3.3 million displaced people in Northeast Nigeria face increased TB risks
due to overcrowding, malnutrition, and limited healthcare. Despite global efforts, little is
known about IDPs' health-seeking behaviors in this crisis context.
Objectives: To explore TB patients' care pathways, decision-making, and systemic barriers
within IDP camps.
Methods: Qualitative interviews with 150 TB patients across Adamawa, Gombe, and Yobe,
analyzed thematically for financial, accessibility, and gender-related themes.
Results: Most (73%) first sought care from chemists due to financial constraints. Patriarchal
decisions dominated (68%), though women often led when men were absent. Systemic issues
included medication shortages (81%), transportation costs (₦50–₦500), and long waits (2–5
hours). Despite valuing free services (89%), 22% used traditional medicine.
Conclusion: Financial hardship, gender norms, and systemic gaps hinder TB care access
among IDPs. Addressing drug shortages, transportation costs, and gender dynamics is critical
to improving outcomes in displacement settings.