Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness of anti-money laundering (AML) regulations in the Nigerian
banking sector. Using a qualitative approach, secondary data were collected and analyzed
descriptively. The Risk-Based Approach (RBA) serves as the theoretical framework. The findings
reveal that Nigeria's AML efforts, initiated in 1995, have evolved through various legislations and
regulations. AML measures are vital for financial stability, credibility, trust, and national security.
However, challenges persist, including governance issues, inadequate technology, corruption,
sophisticated techniques, and lack of inter-agency cooperation. The Central Bank of Nigeria faces
significant hurdles in combating money laundering. To enhance AML effectiveness, Nigerian
banks must implement robust policies and meet international standards. Based on the findings,
policy recommendations include: (1) enhancing collaboration and information-sharing among
stakeholders, (2) investing in technology and capacity building for AML detection and prevention,
(3) strengthening customer due diligence and risk assessment procedures, and (4) enhancing the
regulatory framework and enforcement mechanisms. By implementing these recommendations,
Nigeria can strengthen its AML framework, prevent financial crimes, and maintain the integrity
of its financial system. This study contributes to the understanding of AML regulations in Nigeria
and provides insights for policymakers and financial institutions to combat money laundering
effectively.