Abstract
uniformed personnel, including the police, army, civil defense, road safety, customs, and
related agencies. Through qualitative and observational methods, the study explores how
illegal tolls and bribe collections at checkpoints have become normalized, highlighting
accountability breakdowns, institutional weakness, and a culture of impunity. Findings reveal
that despite anti-corruption policies, uniformed officers routinely extort commuters,
commercial drivers, and transport companies. The paper calls for stronger enforcement
mechanisms, public awareness, internal surveillance reforms, and inter-agency coordination
to address systemic corruption on Nigerian roads.