Abstract
This study examines how social stigma constrains the post-release reintegration of formerly
incarcerated persons (FIPs) within the Yaba district of Lagos State, Nigeria. Drawing from
critical ideas of Labelling Theory, Reintegrative Shaming Theory, and Social Identity Theory, it
demonstrates that stigma constitutes a structural barrier to employment, social participation,
and psychological well-being of ex-inmates, thereby causing them to experience low self-esteem,
shame, and trauma. Specifically, this study examined how the combination of internalised stigma
(diminished self-efficacy) and socially imposed identity mortification significantly impaired the
socioeconomic and psychological adjustment process of ex-inmates, thereby subjecting them to adverse
outcomes such as social and labour exclusion and recidivism. A descriptive and exploratory survey
design was employed to collect primary data from 150 respondents through questionnaires, in
depth interviews, and observation. Findings reveal that societal rejection, family disorganisation,
and inadequate post-release support significantly impede reintegration outcomes. Conversely,
family support and community acceptance function as critical mediating factors that enhance
successful re-entry. The study contributes to African criminological scholarship by providing
localised empirical evidence on reintegration failure in high-density urban contexts. It advocates
for integrated policy interventions, including public sensitisation, vocational training linked to
employment, psychological counselling, and strengthened community-based rehabilitation
frameworks.