Abstract
Logic plays a crucial role in developing philosophical thought and Islamic theology (kalam), serving as a tool for constructing systematic, rational, and coherent reasoning. Within the Islamic intellectual tradition, the development of logic is inextricably linked to Aristotelian thought, particularly through the principles of identity, non-contradiction, the law of the excluded middle, and the syllogism. This influence later developed through the thought of several Muslim philosophers, including Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Ibn Rushd. However, the relationship between Aristotelian logical principles and various concepts of logical thinking in the Islamic tradition still needs a more integrative understanding. This study aims to analyze the contribution of Aristotelian logic to the development of Islamic philosophical thought and to explain the interrelationship of the concepts of tasdiq, qadiyah, tanaqud, ‘akash, istidial, i’lal, argumentation, and hujah in the process of reasoning. The study uses a literature review (library research) method and analyzes books, journals, articles, and other relevant literature on logic, philosophy, and Islamic theology. The study conducted a conceptual analysis of the ideas and intellectual developments in the literature. The results indicate that Aristotelian logic contributes primarily as a methodological tool for constructing and testing reasoning, rather than as a basis for accepting Aristotle’s entire philosophical system. Furthermore, various logical concepts within the Islamic tradition demonstrate a connection in constructing systematic, consistent, and defensible arguments. These findings suggest that logic can serve as a crucial instrument in developing philosophical and theological reasoning within the Islamic scholarly tradition.