Maḥāsin al-Aḥkām dalam Hukum Islam Kontemporer

The gap between the normative virtues of Islamic law and the realization of public welfare in practice calls for an evaluation that connects legal objectives, institutional conditions, and the social consequences of implementation. This study aims to examine maḥāsin al-aḥkām as a philosophical and evaluative perspective for understanding this gap and identifying directions for contextualizing Islamic law. It employs qualitative library research with a philosophical-normative approach. Literature on Islamic legal theory and maqāṣid, scholarly journal articles, legal documents, and institutional reports are analyzed thematically, using Islamic banking, zakat management, and Islamic criminal law as analytical illustrations. The findings indicate that maḥāsin al-aḥkām connects the objectives and underlying wisdom of legal provisions with the pursuit of public welfare and substantive justice. The realization of these virtues faces obstacles arising from insufficiently contextual interpretation, limited institutional capacity, weak governance, and sociopolitical conditions that influence legal implementation. Accordingly, formal compliance and the existence of Islamic institutions alone do not adequately demonstrate the achievement of legal objectives. This study concludes that evaluating the implementation of Islamic law requires an integrated assessment of interpretive soundness, institutional quality, and social consequences. Maqāṣid-based contextualization, stronger accountability, and interdisciplinary dialogue offer directions for reform to narrow the gap between normative virtues and realized public welfare.