Abstract
This essay analyzes the potential impacts of an 8.8 Mw earthquake off the central coast of Peru, with particular emphasis on Metropolitan Lima and Callao due to their high concentration of population, economic activity, and strategic infrastructure. Through the review of historical background, technical studies, and prospective scenarios, the possible effects on the population, essential services, critical infrastructure, and response capacity in the event of a large-scale emergency are examined. The analysis of the consulted sources suggests that associated phenomena, such as tsunamis, soil liquefaction, and damage to essential networks, could significantly increase the complexity of the disaster. Likewise, the documentary review identifies urban vulnerability and limited recovery capacity as determining factors in the overall impact. In this context, the essay emphasizes the need to strengthen prevention, territorial planning, and community resilience as essential strategies to reduce risks and protect human lives.