Abstract
Depression and arterial hypertension are two highly prevalent conditions that, despite their apparent independence, are profoundly interrelated at the physiological and clinical levels. This review explores mechanisms linking the two disorders, such as activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, chronic inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction. Recent studies demonstrating a bidirectional relationship between depression and hypertension are reviewed, as well as the impact of this association on cardiovascular disease risk. Finally, clinical implications and recommendations for a comprehensive approach in primary care are discussed.