Abstract
Abstract
Gray leaf spot can cause severe turfgrass damage, particularly in intensively managed sports fields, while disease management remains challenging due to the rapid development of symptoms under favorable environmental conditions. Early detection of
Pyricularia oryzae
could therefore provide valuable information for anticipating disease development and supporting management decisions. This study aimed to develop a digital PCR (dPCR) molecular tool to support the monitoring and management of gray leaf spot disease in stadium turfgrass. The assay showed high sensitivity, consistently detecting
P. oryzae
when infected tissue represented only 0.05% of a mixture with healthy turfgrass, and enabled pathogen detection before symptom appearance under both controlled and field conditions. Different matrices were also investigated across 15 stadiums to identify the most relevant material for disease monitoring. Roots showed the highest prevalence of
P. oryzae
detection, including during asymptomatic periods, highlighting their potential as a relevant matrix for pathogen surveillance. In a stadium monitored several months after a gray leaf spot outbreak,
P. oryzae
DNA was still detected in roots from 27 of the 32 sampled zones despite the absence of visible symptoms. Overall, these results demonstrate the potential of dPCR for the early detection and monitoring of
P. oryzae
in stadium turfgrass, particularly through root sampling during periods when environmental conditions are not favorable for gray leaf spot development, and a spatiotemporal surveillance at stadium scale.