Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are currently gaining significant attraction in various fields, including modern engineering and ecology, particularly in biomedical, therapeutic, and diagnostic technologies. An environmentally friendly electrochemical synthesis method was used to produce magnetic nanoparticles. Iron sulfate was dissolved in a mixture of water-ethanol, while polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used to enhance the biocompatibility of the magnetite nanoparticles. Particle size in a sol obtained with 1 vol% PVP, at a current density of 20-60 A/dm2, and at varying water and ethanol ratios, was measured using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Zeta potential was measured to determine the stability of the magnetite sol. In the presence of PVP, the best results (12-18 nm) were obtained with water/ethanol ratios of 50/50 and 60/40 vol.%. Magnetite nanoparticles were characterized using a Zetasizer Malvern instrument, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis.