The Problematic of (Allegorical Interpretation) in Al-Ghazali’s Thought

The issue of (allegorical interpretation) in Al-Ghazali’s thought is rooted in his concept of it as a possibility supported by evidence, rendering the intended meaning—distinct from the literal sense—the most probable one. Essentially, involves shifting a term from its literal meaning to a figurative one. For Al-Ghazali, this process is grounded in the objectives, spirit, essence, and ultimate goals of Sharia, while also being shaped by the (esoteric) worldview and its persuasive tools. He maintains that the correct meanings of Quranic verses and Hadiths can be discerned if this interpretive methodology is followed. The core challenge of for Imam Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali lies in establishing rigorous criteria for diverting religious texts from their apparent meanings, balancing reason and revealed scripture, and safeguarding the objectives of Sharia against the chaotic interpretations of sects and philosophers. Al-Ghazali stipulated that a definitive proof or a compelling argument is required to justify departing from the literal meaning.