Abstract
The problem of waste accumulation and unpleasant odors at the Temporary Waste Disposal Site (TPS) in Pandanharum Village requires a more effective monitoring system to enable rapid identification of site conditions and support more responsive waste management. This study aims to develop and evaluate the performance of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based waste and odor monitoring system using ESP32, as well as to determine how the system can monitor waste volume and changes in odor conditions remotely. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Data were collected through observation, sensor testing, recording of sensor readings, and system trials at the Pandanharum Village TPS. The system uses an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to measure waste volume and an MQ-135 gas sensor to monitor changes in gas sensor readings as an indicator of odor conditions, with sensor data transmitted via Wi-Fi to the Blynk platform every 2 seconds. The MQ-135 testing results showed normalized sensor readings ranging from 18% to 55%, with operational categories of SAFE for values below 40%, MODERATE for values from 40% to below 70%, and SEVERE for values of 70% or higher. The highest reading was 55%, categorized as MODERATE, while the other readings were categorized as SAFE. These results indicate that the integration of ESP32, HC-SR04, MQ-135, and Blynk can provide integrated information on waste volume and changes in gas sensor readings while supporting remote monitoring of the TPS. Future research is recommended to conduct longer-term testing at multiple TPS locations and to consider environmental factors such as temperature and humidity to obtain more comprehensive results.