Abstract
In cancer, body cells undergo mutations and begin to multiply uncontrollably, acquiring the ability to spread throughout the body. ALL is one of the most common childhood neoplasms, yet despite its significance, there is a lack of data on the disease in Brazil. This ecological, descriptive, and retrospective study, with a qualitative approach, aims to establish the epidemiological profile of ALL from 2018 to 2022 in Paraná, Brazil. Data from SINAN and the Annual Percentage Change (APC) were used to assess case fluctuations. An increase in cases was observed until 2021, followed by a decrease in 2022. A total of 454 cases were reported among children and adolescents aged 0 to 19, with the highest incidence between ages 1 and 9. The incidence rate was 3.28 per 100,000 young individuals, with a predominance among males. The study highlighted the importance of strengthening reporting systems and the need to train healthcare professionals.