Abstract
Pediatric uveitis, though less common than in adults, is a potentially sight-threatening condition often associated with autoimmune diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Behçet’s disease, and tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome. This integrative review aimed to explore the clinical manifestations, complications, and therapeutic strategies of autoimmune-related uveitis in children. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database using selected MeSH terms, identifying 10 studies, of which 4 met the inclusion criteria for detailed analysis. The selected articles highlighted substantial clinical heterogeneity and underscored the relevance of early diagnosis and individualized treatment. Key prognostic factors included early age of onset, ANA and HLA-B27/B51 positivity, presence of systemic autoimmune diseases, and initial visual impairment. Biologic therapies, particularly anti-TNFα agents, were frequently required in severe cases. Additionally, recent advances suggest the potential utility of molecular biomarkers such as miR-4485-3p in improving diagnostic precision. Complications such as cataract, macular edema, and posterior synechiae were common, reinforcing the need for early screening and aggressive management. Overall, findings support the importance of interdisciplinary surveillance and early immunomodulatory interventions to reduce the risk of irreversible visual damage in pediatric patients with autoimmune uveitis.