Abstract
Emerging companies in Panama operate within a tax system undergoing transformation, whose complexity poses an interpretive challenge. This article analyzes the Panamanian tax framework applicable to emerging companies and systematizes, through documentary review, the lawful tax planning strategies potentially available to them. A qualitative, documentary, non-experimental, descriptive-analytical methodology was employed, based on official regulations (Fiscal Code, Law 76 of 2019, Law 41 of 2007, Law 189 of 2020, Law 256 of 2021) and peer-reviewed literature with verified DOI. The results identify six categories of strategies, among which the SME regime (Law 189 of 2020) and electronic invoicing stand out for their general applicability, while regimes such as SEM, EMMA, and the Colón Free Trade Zone are of conditioned applicability. The ETO-EE Panama Matrix is proposed as an analytical tool pending empirical validation. It is concluded that the availability of incentives does not by itself guarantee their use.