Abstract
Numerical simulation is nowadays used as a primary design tool to assess welded joints within the scope of the optimization of welding procedures. The prediction of the temperature field is the basis of the computer aided assessment of welds. This paper introduces a calculation approach for the temperature field of multi-pass welding. Manual electric welding is modelled using the finite element method (FEM) within the software ABAQUS. A modification of the doubleellipsoidal Goldak heat source is implemented considering the effects of filler metal and slag. In order to increase the efficiency of multi-pass welding simulation the Goldak source is projected onto each bead contour. Welding experiments are carried out containing a manual surfacing. The computational results are validated with macro sections and thermocouple measurements. Finally the calculated temperature field is in good agreement with the fusion line and heat-affected-zone obtained from the macro sections and also fits with the thermocouple measurement. The slag mainly influences the cooling velocity within the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the computation model.