Hemodynamic evolution of heart failure from hypertension: lower stroke volume index and higher heart rate

Abstract Background There is little information about systemic hemodynamic changes in the evolution of heart failure (HF) from hypertension. Methods We compared 24-hour mean hemodynamic variables derived from ambulatory pulse wave analysis (Mobil-O-Graph) in at-risk patients with hypertension (Stage A/B HF) and patients with Stage C HF secondarily stratified by ejection fraction (EF: low Results Differences (mean ± SEM) between Stage A/B (n = 109) and Stage C HF (n = 52) were, respectively: stroke volume index (SVI) 36.8 vs. 31.9 mL/m2 (P 75 bpm) increased specificity to 84%. Conclusions Ambulatory hemodynamic monitoring is feasible in HF patients; low 24-hour SVI and high HR are highly correlated and together can differentiate Stage C from Stage A/B HF, irrespective of EF. Further study of hemodynamic profiles in HF staging and prognosis is warranted.